Her War

Interpreting Women's Lives during the American Civil War

Period Pest Control

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Although Affleck’s Almanac does not include a section on pest control, William White in Gardening in the South devotes eleven pages to the eradication of “vermin” in both vegetables and fruit.

For caterpillars that develop into moths
“Erect a post in the centre of the garden, on which nail a platform of planks some thirty inches square, which cover with sand; on this build nightly a fire of fat lightwood for some weeks, from the time that moths, millers, and butterflies begin to infest the garden.  Large numbers will fly into the fire and be consumed.

“Hang up common porter bottles, though wide-mouthed bottles are preferable, during the same season, with a few spoonfuls of sweetened water or molasses and vinegar in them to be renewed every second evening, and hundreds of moths that would have been the parents of a new race of destroyers will be caught.  This is the most promising mode of waging war also upon the melon-worm as well as the corn and boll-worm, and many other insects.  For filling the bottles, a better preparation still is a pint of water to half a pint of molasses, the water having as much cobalt dissolved in it as it will take up before mixing with the molasses.  Put a wineglassful to each bottle and empty once or twice a week.

“After the vegetables have become established, keep the chickens and other fowl in the garden to pick off cabbage worms.  Allow wild birds and toads to live in and near the garden.

“After the plants have been attacked a number of preparations may be used:

“Try the camphor preparation of R. B. in the Southern Cultivator.  Put into a barrel of water a quarter of a pound of camphor, in pieces the size of a hickory nut, fill with water and let it stand a day, and with this water our plants, and fill the barrel for the next watering.  The camphor is slowly absorbed, and will last a long time.  If the camphor water is too weak, add to a barrel of water a cupful or more of strong lye, and more will dissolve.  Add also a pound of cheap cape aloes to a gallon of lye (or water in which a pound of saleratus or potash has been dissolved); add a pint of this to a barrel of water, and use as the camphor water.  Camphor and aloes (especially the former) are offensive to most insects.

“Try also sprinkling the plants with ashes, air-slaked lime, charcoal dust impregnated with the odor of oil turpentine, soot, sulphur, or better still, Scotch snuff sifted on the plants, by placing it in a tin cup, with the mouth covered with gauze, and shaking it when inverted over the plants.  Try also to drive away the insects.

“Watering them and the plants with an infusion of tobacco, or China berries, soapsuds, solutions of guano, or whale oil soap, when the latter can be obtained.  Fumigating with sulphur and tobacco is very efficient.  But tobacco water is the great remedy.”

For specific pests

Aphids—Tobacco juice with soapsuds

Ants—Pour boiling water down their nests, or catch them in wide-mouthed bottles containing sweetened water

Melon Worm—Light wood fires or catching them in bottles

Caterpillars—Tobacco and soap preparation, or pick them off by hand

Cutworm or Black Grub—Check every morning; wrap tender stems in paper

Cucumber and Squash Bugs—Plants may be sown under boxes covered with millinet

Corn Worm—Wide-mouth jars; four parts vinegar to one of molasses put on a dinner plate placed on a board six inches square fastened to a stake a little taller than the plants; possibly lightwood fires

Turnip fly—Highly manured ground; Dust plants with lime, soot ashes, &c., or keep chickens in turnip patch

Mice—Traps

Moles—Traps; Tarred sticks in their burrows; salt soil to kill insects they eat

Hares and Rabbits—Tight board fence or close hedge of Macartney rose